Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST; Boulder, CO), the University of Geneva (Geneva, Switzerland), and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (Pasadena, CA) are creating superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) made of a new material, molybdenum silicide (MoSi), which leads to both a high system detection efficiency (87.1 ±0.5% at 1542 nm) at 0.7 K and a minimum system jitter of 76 ps -- half that of the previous record of about 150 ps.1 As a result, quantum communications can happen at a higher bit rate, with more information transmitted in the same time period.
An electron beam was used to pattern nanowires into a thin film made of MoSi.
The new detectors can also be operated with saturated internal efficiency at a temperature of 2.3 K. The new design improves on NIST’s 2011 tungsten-silicon alloy material because it can operate at higher (though still cryogenic) temperatures and at a higher electrical current. The higher temperature simplifies refrigeration, while the higher current cuts jitter in half. NIST researchers enhanced the detector’s light absorption and efficiency by embedding the chip in a cavity made of gold mirrors and layers of other unreactive materials.
The 87% efficiency of the MoSi device is almost as high as that for tungsten-silicon devices (93%) but with significantly lower jitter.
Development of next-generation sensors offering high precision is a NIST priority. NIST single-photon detectors are used in a variety of experiments around the world.
Source: NIST
REFERENCE:
1. V. B. Verma et al., Optics Express, Vol. 23, Issue 26, 2015; doi: 10.1364/OE.23.033792
