ITHACA, NY, USA--Researchers at Cornell University who previously created DNA "bar codes" (strands of the genetic material able to quickly identify the presence of different molecules by fluorescing) have created new DNA molecules that link into polymers under ultraviolet light in the presence of such pathogens as SARS and HIV.
Cornell researcher Dan Luo and colleagues describe their work in a paper published by Nature Nanotechnology. The research team, which included first author and postdoctoral associate Jong B. Lee and David Muller, associate professor of applied and engineering physics, report that the polymers, made up of thousands of monomers, allow for the fast detection of pathogens.
The researchers used asymmetric strands of DNA, characterized by unique sequences at the ends of each branch, which they call "zip codes." Each zip code can link to a corresponding sequence, including the DNA of such pathogens as HIV. When the zip codes and pathogens find each other, they form chains that curl up into spheres and are visible under a microscope.
Using the same principle, the researchers also demonstrated attaching multiple nucleic acid-based drugs, along with tracers, to the DNA strands, which were then absorbed by cells.
Luo, associate professor of biological and environmental engineering, explained that such work illustrates how DNA is not only a genetic material, but can be a useful structure to carry drugs or other substances. "The genetic part is the recognition of the pathogen," he said. "The generic part is making the nanostructure."
For more information see the paper, Multifunctional nanoarchitectures from DNA-based ABC monomers, in Nature Nanotechnology.
Barbara Gefvert | Editor-in-Chief, BioOptics World (2008-2020)
Barbara G. Gefvert has been a science and technology editor and writer since 1987, and served as editor in chief on multiple publications, including Sensors magazine for nearly a decade.