BRIDLE develops cost-efficient diode lasers for industrial applications
After 42 months of intense research, the Brilliant Industrial Diode Lasers (BRIDLE) project, funded by the European Commission and with seven partners from Germany, UK, Switzerland, France and Finland, has wrapped up. The project was coordinated by DILAS Diodenlaser (Mainz, Germany). BRIDLE targeted a major increase in the achievable brilliance in direct diode laser systems, based on advances in diode laser and beam-combining technology. The highest conversion efficiency was sought, as was compatibility with low-cost volume manufacture.
Design and technological development of high-performance diode lasers was performed by three partners within BRIDLE. First, the Ferdinand-Braun-Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V. (FBH) developed novel epitaxial designs and process technology. Those developments enabled the use of broad-area mini bars with a narrow stripe width of only 30 µm to operate with a brightness increased by at least a factor of two in comparison with state-of-the-art chips with a 100 µm stripe width.
High-brilliance narrow-stripe diode lasers
In addition, high-brilliance narrow-stripe DFB diode lasers with monolithically integrated surface gratings were developed and optimized to simultaneously deliver narrow spectrum (< 1 nm), high power (5 W), and high efficiency (50%) with a low beam-parameter product (< 2 mm-mrad) for the first time. For coherent coupling experiments, monolithically grating-stabilized tapered diode lasers were developed having a record conversion efficiency of 54%. Second, ridge-waveguide diode lasers for coherent coupling experiments were developed by Modulight (Tampere, Finland) that deliver an output power of 1 W per emitter. Finally, design optimization was supported through detailed simulation work performed by University of Nottingham (UNott).
Based on the high-brightness diode-laser mini bars developed within the BRIDLE project, DILAS was able to simplify its well-known T-bar concept for 105 µm fiber coupling. In addition, DILAS could increase the optical output power up to 300 W ex 100 µm. The modules' wavelength can be stabilized and used for dense wavelength multiplexing to further increase output power and brightness. The assembly process is fully automated.
DWDM of diode lasers
Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology (ILT) analyzed and compared different techniques for dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM). These techniques include different approaches based on surface gratings, simultaneous wavelength stabilization, and multiplexing by use of dielectric filters and volume Bragg gratings (VBGs) as well as DWDM of wavelength chirped distributed-feedback (DFB) diode lasers by dielectric filters. Filters from different international manufacturers were tested thoroughly. For the first time, Fraunhofer ILT has developed concepts which can be used to implement and test compact modules in the medium-power range of 10 to 100 W output power, with a fiber having a core diameter of 35 µm and a numerical aperture of 0.2. 46 W was realized experimentally. A 7:1 fiber combiner (35/105 µm) was developed for further power scaling.
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut d’Optique (CNRS-IO) demonstrated a new architecture for passive coherent combining of diode lasers with ridge lasers (delivered by Modulight) and tapered lasers (delivered by FBH). The set-up is based on the separation of the phase-locking stage, which takes place in an external cavity on the rear side of the lasers, and the beam-combining stage, which is achieved outside the cavity on their front side. This configuration demonstrates successively a combined power up to 7.5 W in a single beam from a bar of five high-brightness emitters, using a specifically designed diffractive combiner. Furthermore, the active coherent combining of five tapered amplifiers achieved a power of more than 11 W with a combining efficiency of 76%.
Software tools
The University of Nottingham developed software tools that enable the investigation of coupling between external optics and the diode laser itself. These tools can be used to better understand coherent coupling, wavelength stabilization or parasitic back reflections. UNott developed a dynamic laser simulation tool for CBC diode laser systems. This tool is used in conjunction with external cavity models developed at CNRS-IO to investigate the nature and dynamics of the phase locking mechanisms in CBC laser systems. Furthermore, UNott's laser simulation tool Speclase was coupled to external optical design software by ZEMAX (Kirkland, WA) for external-cavity simulations at the subsystem level.
Industrial applications of the developed prototypes are bing investigated by Bystronic Laser (Niederönz, Switzerland) and Fraunhofer ILT. For instance, lasers manufactured by DILAS are being used for Selective Laser Melting of metals at Fraunhofer ILT.
For more information visit the BRIDLE project website (www.bridle.eu)
Source: http://www.ilt.fraunhofer.de/en/press/press-releases/press-release-2016/press_release_20160415.html
John Wallace | Senior Technical Editor (1998-2022)
John Wallace was with Laser Focus World for nearly 25 years, retiring in late June 2022. He obtained a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering and physics at Rutgers University and a master's in optical engineering at the University of Rochester. Before becoming an editor, John worked as an engineer at RCA, Exxon, Eastman Kodak, and GCA Corporation.