• Hari Venugopalan

    Director of Global Product Management
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    Hari Venugopalan is director of global product management at Crystal IS (Green Island, NY).

    (Courtesy of Crystal IS)
    FIGURE 1. Biofouling of a surface in a marine environment is a process that begins with the formation of a biofilm and eventually involves attachment of larger organisms.
    Hari Venugopalan
    July 11, 2016
    Deep-ultraviolet LEDs emitting in the 250–280 nm range can help sense and prevent fouling of ships by biofilms.
    Adapted from Hamamatsu Light Source, http://www.hamamatsu.com/resources/pdf/etd/LIGHT_SOURCE_TLSZ0001E01.pdf, Apr. 2014
    FIGURE 1. Stability of light output for various traditional UV light sources.
    Hari Venugopalan
    Jan. 16, 2015
    The traditional light sources used in UV spectroscopy can, for some uses, be replaced by LEDs, greatly reducing both capital and operating costs.